SHOPPING MATH GUIDE

Buy 3, Get 1 Free: What Percent Off Is It?

Learn why buying three items and getting one free works out to an effective 25% discount.

3 min read

THE SHORT ANSWER

Buy 3, get 1 free is equivalent to 25% off

You receive four items and one is free. In other words, one-fourth of the total is free.

Turn “free” into a discount you can compare

Free-item promotions sound different from a regular percent-off sale. To compare them, count every item you receive, then find what fraction of that total is free.

If each item costs $5, you pay $15 for three and receive a fourth item free. The same four items would normally cost $20, so you save $5.

Check the total and price per item

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Four $5 items with and without the promotion
DetailRegular priceBuy 3, get 1 free
Items received44
Total paid$20.00$15.00
Price per item$5.00$3.75
Effective discount0%25%

The formula for any buy-X-get-Y-free offer

Effective discountFree items ÷ (paid items + free items) × 100

Scroll sideways to see the full table.

Common free-item offers
PromotionEffective discount
Buy 1, get 1 free50%
Buy 2, get 1 freeAbout 33.33%
Buy 3, get 1 free25%
Buy 4, get 1 free20%

Details to check before you buy

  • Which item is free? In mixed-price promotions, the least expensive eligible item is often the free one.
  • Which combinations qualify? Sizes, flavors, and brands may be restricted.
  • Do you need the full quantity? A 25% effective discount does not help if part of the purchase goes unused.